The Man Behind The Invention Of The Telephone - 1082 Words

1. Introduction In the age of digitalization, the Mobile/Telephone has become one of the important part of our lives like food, shelter and clothes. The world is moving into the compact zone and this can be supported by gadget in our pockets i.e. â€Å"Mobiles†. This has become possible because of the invention of â€Å"Telephone†, it changed the world and the way we communicate. The man behind the invention of the telephone is â€Å"Alexander Graham Bell†. He is an inventor, teacher, scientist and engineer. 2. Alexander Graham Bell’s early stages of life a. His Family Alexander Graham Bell was born to Alexander Melville Bell and Eliza Grace on March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was named Alexander Bell, he urged his father for a middle name and his father agreed and then he chose â€Å"Graham† as middle name. He was called as â€Å"Aleck† by close relatives and friends. He had two brothers, Melville James Bell and Edward Charles Bell, both of them died in early age due to complications of tuberculosis. His father was a renowned Professor and famous for his work in Visible Speech [1] [2]. b. His Education Bell received primary education from his father at his home and later he enrolled in Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland. He was not a bright student at school and soon he left the school and went to London to live with his grandfather, Alexander Bell. His grandfather made him understand the importance of education, they used to spend most of the time discussing about education and Mr.Show MoreRelatedSummary OfTime And Distance Overcome And William Faulkners Dry September1761 Words   |  8 Pagesracially incited, horrific, public, ritualistic events which were never kept secret. 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Why Universities Shouldn’t Increase Tuition Every Year Free Essays

One major problem with universities today is that they are constantly raising tuition fees. I’m not talking about raising tuition every now and then, I’m talking about those colleges that increase their tuition every year. With today’s economy, this is simply not helping the students. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Universities Shouldn’t Increase Tuition Every Year or any similar topic only for you Order Now The university I am currently attending is planning on increasing the tuition by almost $1,000. This is crazy. What colleges need to start doing is taking a better look at how they are spending their money. It is not the students’ fault when the university takes on more than it can handle and has to find ways to make more of a profit. Colleges are already way too expensive for the average person. Most of the time, even with help from federal student aid, students are still having to pay more than they can afford. This forces them to take out loans that they may not be able to pay back in the future. Universities are not considering the fact that the economy is getting to the point where people who went to college and have a degree can’t even get a job. Students are doing all the right things by going to college, building their resume, and gaining experience in the real world, but it just isn’t enough to get a job. There are too many people competing for just a small amount of jobs that too many people end up empty handed. And when they have to start paying back their loans, they can’t do it because they don’t have the money. Universities who raise their tuition every year are putting students in an even worse situation. There are other areas of the university where they can find money to make up for whatever they are losing. They just don’t look into those possibilities. They just think that the easiest way to solve their problems is to charge the students more money. There are close to 30,000 students who attend my university. If they charge each student an extra $1,000, they will have an increase of $30 million. That’s insane to ask students for that much more money. It used to be so much cheaper to go to college. Students used to be able to pay for college much easier, especially if the federal government was helping out. Now, everything is changing and for all the wrong reasons. Students already have to pay for books, housing, meal plans, living expenses, and all these other things in addition to their tuition. Why burden them with even more to pay for? It’s not right. It’s even worse for students who go to college out of their state. They get charged almost double what a state resident would get charged. These students have no choice but to live on campus and pay even more money. Those who are attending college deserve to get what they pay for. They are getting an education in order to live a good life and to get a good job. Instead of getting this out of their college education, they get this crazy debt that will take their entire lives to pay off. How to cite Why Universities Shouldn’t Increase Tuition Every Year, Papers

Support The Death Penalty Essay Example For Students

Support The Death Penalty Essay Death PenaltyWhen turning on the television, radio, or simply opening the local newspaper, people are bombarded with news of arrests, murders, homicides, and other such tragedies. I believe murder, including the death penalty, is the worst thing that anyone could do. Since Hammurabi first introduced the notion of An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, people have been arguing over whether this is just punishment. Those in favor of the death penalty argue that people should pay for the crimes they do. For them, death is the only fit punishment in some cases. This is not the case. The death penalty is, rather, unethical and wrong. A death for another death does nothing but satisfy ones need for revenge. How often do these concepts creep into the publics mind when it hears of our fair, trusty government taking away someones breathing rights? I am strongly against the death penalty because it violates Gods rules, costs the taxpayers too much money, and the possible wrongly accused. I do not support having the death penalty because it violates religious beliefs. Many religions, such as my own, Catholicism, follow the rules that God sent to us through the Ten Commandments. One of the most important of those ten state, Thou shall not kill. If someone is executing an individual, that clearly violates this commandment. Most of the people today are supposed to live Christian lives, but they dont mind people getting killed. I am pretty sure if it were someone in their family, they would feel the same way I do. Murdering any person, no matter what the individual has been convicted of, is a mortal sin. Therefore, God will punish anyone who aids in executing people. I believe that religious beliefs, such as the Ten Commandments, are the corner stone for our law system. Executing someone should not be made an exception to Gods rule. Most people feel that men who rape little children deserve to die a painful death. They feel that the child and family would be much happier if he dies and know that he cant hurt anyone anymore. The death penalty still would be wrong. I am pretty sure that people would feel differently if it were their family. They would just want them to get a harsher punishment. My next reason against the death penalty is that taxpayers waste too much of their money with the death penalty. The average death penalty case is appealed many times. This means that the taxpayers must pay for the same trial to be heard three times. This is a very expensive practice. Also, the convicted murderer spends a long time on death row. If supporters of the death penalty are positive enough to kill the person for committing the crime, shouldnt the supporters be confident enough to execute them in a timely manner? Why spend the taxpayers money keeping these inmates in jail for so long? Taxpayers money should go to better society, not to accommodate the prisoners that are going to end up dead. People also think that if someone is killed, they should be killed also. That goes back to my introduction of what Hammurabi thought. I really think that his saying is kind of ridiculous. I hate people who are closed minded about certain things. Why should someone be killed for killing? As I was taught when I was younger, two wrongs dont make anything right. If people would follow that notion, then they would be better off. Theres always the chance of the innocent being in the wrong place at the wrong time. A handful of evidence from a strong lawyer could sentence someone to life in prison, and even the death penalty. One could be spending and ending his life in captivity for simply walking down the wrong street on the wrong day. That person does not deserve to serve the time thats not rightfully his and take the needle that shouldnt prick his skin. Its a small fault in the justice system that is not easy to overcome. People really cant find much more to say about this one. Almost everyone thinks that the death penalty is wrong in this way. There is probably 1/10 of the population who think that people shouldnt have been at that place when it happened. How are they supposed to do that? They dont know what is going to happen that night. The 1/10 of the population also thinks that if they have any kind of charges brought against, they are probably guilty. Once again, I do not agree with that saying either . They probably have turned their life around and are on the road to righteousness. They cant help that they were young and foolish once. .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 , .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .postImageUrl , .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 , .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5:hover , .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5:visited , .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5:active { border:0!important; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5:active , .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5 .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9cf1a9a150b377c08a10b2df4ab92ea5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Feudalism EssayThe death penalty is a cruel and barbaric practice that must be eliminated from todays society. With the many advances that society has made, executing people for crimes the person may have or may not have committed is still practiced. It violates so many religious beliefs. It is a cruel and unusual practice that must be done away with. Society must advance and eliminate the death penalty, hopefully never to come back. Our society is supposed to be one that respects life. We should not be legally killing other human beings. An execution is a public spectacle of homicide and actually endorses killing as a solution to some of our many problems. A murderer gene rally does not have time to think of the consequences he might have to face, because murder, in most cases, a crime of passion. The death penalty should be abolished because it wastes the taxpayers money, the 6th Commandment, and an innocent person could be put to death.

The Hero Diary Entry Essay Example For Students

The Hero Diary Entry Essay Another dreadful day in war has finished. Im tired of arriving every night here to my dormitory in the front line and having to write letters to tell families that their relatives have died in war and then having to delivery them. My job unfortunately consists of damaging peoples feelings and lives by doing this but is the only useful thing I can do in the war due to my physical incapacity. Having only one leg since the start of the war has been very hard for me but Ive learned to control this terrible situation. One week ago another young soldier died and I had to write to an old lady telling her that her only son, Jack, died in war. We will write a custom essay on The Hero Diary Entry specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This is very hard for me because he was a defenceless, young soldier who wasnt really prepared for the war and I feel guilty for making him fight in the trenches and die blown up into little pieces by a mine. In other words he was a coward; he felt angry towards the war and didnt want to fight for his country but I couldnt tell that to the woman. Last night my challenge started. I had to leave the front line to take the letter to Jacks mother in a nearby county. The journey was long but I had to do this myself because it is my job and was partly my fault. After a long painful ride in horse and then in car, finally I arrived at the old ladys house, it was strange but I felt confident. I couldnt imagine the old ladys reaction but I was prepared for anything. I knocked on the door and a lonely woman with a very soft, passive voice opened the door. I did my entrance speech telling her I was a war officer, but she wasnt impressed, she just made me enter the house and sit on a couch near the fire place. I noticed shed been there all the afternoon drinking tea and playing cards alone. She broke the silence by asking me what was the purpose of my visit and why was I staring at her with such a cold face. I kept quiet and my expressions were like a sick man. I started telling her that her boy was very brave in the war and that he had became an important soldier with an outstanding effort and dedication in the army. Every time a word came out of my mouth I felt even worse and tenser because I never imagined me lying to families so that they could be proud of their sons. What was even worse was the idea that the old woman believed that entire fake.

NAFTA Regional Brief Explanation. Writen for University of Phoenix MGT 448

NAFTA Regional Brief Explanation. Writen for University of Phoenix MGT 448 Week Two Individual Assignment: Regional PaperWhen it was first being debated, NAFTA's effect on its member countries was anticipated to be enormous. Advocates said that it would create hundreds of thousands of jobs for the United States due to vastly increased exports to member countries. Opponents claimed that NAFTA would destroy jobs rather than create them, due to a massive influx of imports and an exodus of United States firms to Mexico to take advantage of lower wages. In actuality, although NAFTA has had undisputed effects on all member countries, these changes have come nowhere close to where it was predicted. (Griswold, 2003)However, NAFTA has accomplished its main objective of more trade. Trade of merchandise between the United States and Canada at twice the rate as before NAFTA, and with Mexico, trade has grown three times as fast. The trade of services has not grown at such an exponential rate, but, even still, has contributed about two-thirds of the total increase betwee n the United States and the rest of the world.(Garten, 2003) In fact, Canada and Mexico are now the United States number one and two trading partners, respectively. Japan follows in a distant third. (Griswold, 2003)That being said, while NAFTA has had an amazing positive financial effect on Mexico and Canada, for the United States, NAFTA was primarily about foreign policy, rather than about the domestic economy. To this point, the largest benefit to the United States has been to nudge Mexico away from centralized protectionism and towards democratic capitalism. Mexico has continued to make drastic changes in its political and economic policies. For the first time since the 1970s, Mexico avoided an economic crisis due to the election cycle, and has successfully moved beyond the traditional boom-and-bust, high-inflation, and debt-ridden model that characterized it,

Definition and Examples of Distinctio in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Distinctio in Rhetoric Distinctio is a  rhetorical term for explicit references to the various meanings of a wordusually for the purpose of removing ambiguities. As Brendan McGuigan points out in Rhetorical Devices (2007), Distinctio allows you to tell your reader exactly what you mean to say. This sort of clarification can be the difference between your sentence being understood or being taken to mean something entirely different from what you intended. Examples and Observations: It depends upon what the meaning of the word is is. If is means is and never has been, thats one thing. If it means there is none, that was a completely true statement.(President Bill Clinton, Grand Jury testimony, 1998)Love:  [I]t would be a long while before I would come to understand the particular moral of the story.It would be a long while because, quite simply, I was in love with New York. I do not mean love in any colloquial way, I mean that I was in love with the city, the way you love the first person who ever touches you and never love anyone quite that same way again.(Joan Didion, Goodbye to All That. Slouching Towards Bethlehem, 1968)Envy:  Don Cognasso will tell you that this commandment prohibits envy, which is certainly an ugly thing. But theres bad envy, which is when your friend has a bicycle and you dont, and you hope he breaks his neck going down a hill, and theres good envy, which is when you want a bike like his and work your butt off to be able to buy one, a nd its good envy that makes the world go round. And then theres another envy, which is justice envy, which is when you cant see any reason that a few people have everything and others are dying of hunger. And if you feel this fine sort of envy, which is socialist envy, you get busy trying to make a world in which riches are better distributed.   (Umberto Eco, The Gorge. The New Yorker, 7 March 2005) Battlefields:  A significant proportion of the detainees held at Guantanamo were picked up far from anything remotely resembling a battlefield. Arrested in cities all over the world, they could only be deemed combatants if one accepts the Bush Administrations claim of a literal war on terrorism. . . . A review of these cases shows that the arresting officers are police, not soldiers, and that the places of arrest include private homes, airports and police stationsnot battlefields.  (Joanne Mariner, It All Depends on What You Mean by Battlefield. FindLaw, July 18, 2006)Sound:  Does a tree falling in the forest make a sound when no one is around to hear it?...Whether an unobserved falling tree makes a sound, then, depends on what you mean by sound. If you mean heard noise, then (squirrels and birds aside) the tree falls silently. If, in contrast, you mean something like distinctive spherical pattern of impact waves in the air, then, yes, the trees falling does make a sound. . . .   (John Heil, Philosophy of Mind: A Contemporary Introduction, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2004) Distinctio in Medieval Theology Distinction (distinctio) was a literary and analytical tool in scholastic theology that aided a theologian in his three basic tasks of lecturing, disputing, and preaching. In classical rhetoric a distinction referred to a section or unit of a text, and this was the most common usage in medieval theology as well. . . .Other forms of distinction were attempts to examine the complexity of certain concepts or terms. The famous distinctions between credere in Deum, credere Deum, and credere Deo reflect the scholastic desire to examine fully the meaning of Christian belief. The propensity to introduce distinctions at almost every stage of argument left medieval theologians open to the charge that they were often divorced from reality since they resolved theological issues (including pastoral problems) in abstract terms. A more severe critique was that employing a distinction assumed that the theologian already had all the data necessary at his fingertips. New information was not needed to resolve a new problem; rather, the distinction apparently gave a theologian a method for only reorganizing the accepted tradition in a new logical manner.​  (James R. Ginther, The Westminster Handbook to Medieval Theology. Westminster John Knox Press, 2009) Pronunciation: dis-TINK-tee-o Etymology From the Latin, distinguishing, distinction, difference

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - Assignment Example In the job position the following things will be considered as vital: The title for particular job position Job responsibilities Critical success factors Official reporting link Supports, authority and assets needed along with accessibility for the job (Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 2009) Advertisement for Job Position After formulating the job description, there is a need to advertise for the job vacancy so as to inform the potential candidates regarding the job openings. Advertisement has emerged as a very significant and common basis for generating manpower in Human Resource Management practices. The advertisement for the post of nurse practitioner and medical records clerk will be given through online websites so as to reach a larger population or young candidates stating the specific position duties. It will be beneficial for appealing appropriate candidates for the positions. In the internet advertisements, the following information will be provided: A summary of job positions which includes fields of works and language requirements An explanation of obligations and accountabilities which classifies the major jobs to be performed by the employee The minimum qualification requirement for fulfilling the position such as educational certificates, special skills, etc The advertisement will be exhibited on one of the popular job websites named ‘careerbuilder.com’. The cost of advertising on ‘careerbuilder.com’ will amount to be around 390 USD/job. Thus, to advertise two posts for job advertisement the cost will be around (390?2=) 780 USD (Careerbuilder, n.d.). Selection Process The selection process will conducted in four phases, which are: Screening of Application Forms Before selecting employees, it is essential to lessen the candidates to a manageable amount. With this concern, the initial screening will be conducted with the application forms and resumes of the candidates. The accurate information will be assessed against the lea st adequate requirements with respect to job specifications. The statistical technique will be used for screening of application forms. After checking the measurable aspects of candidates, the reliability of candidates will be evaluated. Any gap during education years or any kind of indefinite information will be identified and followed up in the interview stage (Pattanayak, 2005). Testing After initial screening of candidates, tests will be conducted for evaluating the intelligence, aptitude and skills of the selected candidates. For the post of medical records clerk, aptitude test of candidates will be conducted with the aim of measuring their ability or underlying skills to absorb the given job responsibilities if adequate training is provided. For the post of nurse practitioner, achievement test will be conducted for assessing candidates’ pertinent capabilities. The achievement test will be applied to varied series of nursing tasks ranging from patient care to clinical ac tivities. The candidates will be selected on the basis of performance on those tests (Bernardin, 2008). Interview Interview will be conducted for measuring the profile of candidates and associating it with job appropriateness. Interview is widely

Evaluation of Starbucks Dilemmas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Evaluation of Starbucks Dilemmas - Essay Example It also enhances the relationships between management, stakeholders and the society. Business ethics involves decision making process which focuses on moral awareness which leads to moral judgement or moral motivation. From prior studies, it can be evidently stated that ethical considerations provided by organisations in the post-modern era not only tends to boost its industry relations, but also tends to strengthen its existence in the market. Thus, ethical concerns by organisations play a crucial role in rewarding the company with competitive advantages in its targeted market (Shaw, 2010). Hereby, this paper will intend to provide a brief description of Starbucks, a coffee company in relation to its ethical considerations. With this concern, the paper will focus on the ethical dilemmas faced by the company and its ethical practices implemented in the recent company operations. From a rational perspective, these facts will be further analysed so as to obtain a comprehensive explanat ion business ethics related issues faced by the company based on which recommendations will also be suggested. Overview of the Company It was in the year 1971 that Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington. The main reason in instigating the company was the love and desire for coffee in the then American community. As days passed on, this company grew up slowly with its branded coffee and by the year 1981, it established a well equipped coffee roasting plant. It had also built four retail stores that sold the whole bean coffee in the markets around Seattle. Starbucks continued growing rapidly into the market with continuous development of retail stores and establishment of new enterprises. Within five years, the number of Starbucks’ stores grew nearly about tenfold with various locations prevailing in different countries like U.S, Japan, and Singapore among others. In the year 1998, Starbucks partnered with Conservation International (CI), which is a non-profit organisatio n and it enormously helped Starbucks to promote bio-diversity especially in the coffee-growing regions in order to support the producers of shade grown coffee. The result with this partnership has also laid impact on the positive response towards the environment and also among the farmers engaged in the initial level of the company’s supply chain. From the very beginning Starbucks made some strategy of loan guarantees that helped to provide loans to the farmers and with this financial support they enabled themselves to double their income which facilitates farmers’ motivation (Stanley, 2002). Issues or Dilemmas Facing by Starbucks One of the major and most hazardous operational issues faced by Starbucks was that it had limited control over fluctuating global prices. As a consequence, increase in the commodity prices in the global market forced the company to increase its product price. Furthermore, with an increase in its product price and simultaneously in its profit earned, Starbucks should also require taking appropriate measures for community services which can be observed as an ethical issue faced by the company. For instance, the farmers play a very crucial role in the production process of coffee in the supply chain of Starbucks. But unfortunately it was these groups of people who are observed to suffer a lot of hardships that can hamper the production process to an extent which is likely to have significant influence into the

Paris is Burning Essay Example for Free

Paris is Burning Essay Paris is Burning by Jennnie Livingston deals with the culture of drag in New York in the 1980s, which was shown in the Ball competitions wherein men who impersonate, or better yet try to live as women walks and are judged based on their dancing ability, the beauty of their dresses and the authenticity of their impersonation. Each contestant represents a specific house and whenever they win; their respective houses gain a legendary status. The film was presented by showing alternate footages between the ball competition and interviews with the contestants. Although a very notable film, Paris is Burning is also highly criticized especially by feminists. In watching the film, you will see how the contestants try to portray how women look like basing on â€Å"stereotypical† identities or those greatly based on what men would like in a woman physically, making her the subject of desire. It failed to show the other characteristics and essence of women such as their social roles, the drags just focused on the aspects that perpetuate men’s hierarchy. It further undermines women by interpreting that being a woman makes one powerless which manifested in one of the interviews wherein one of the drags say that he will never become a woman because having the female genitalia does not necessarily mean that life would be great. Thus, many saw that this film as a mocking or women. On the other hand, the film succeeded in the presentation of yet another marginalized culture which is that of the gay. It was able to put their character at the centre of the film and elaborated on their culture. It was able to shed light on the often misunderstood â€Å"third’ gender and was able to present their side of the story. Then again, as was said earlier, it was done so by challenging the essence of women, which would make us think if it was able to resolve any issues at all. Thus we ask, was the film really an exposure of the drag culture or a celebration of the patriarchal society?

Hamlet :: essays research papers

supposedly King Hamlet’s spirit, as a tool to master this. However, Shakespeare portrays this inner struggle of reason against faith as Hamlet’s insanity. Does Hamlet become insane in the play, or is Shakespeare trying too hard to once again make the audience uncertain? There is a lot of evidence that Hamlet does indeed go insane, however it seems that the audience sees Hamlet’s insanity as their uncertainty throughout the play, which has been originally brought on by the Ghost. Indeed, Hamlet is not insane, rather the audience thinks him insane because of their uncertainty and uneasiness regarding Hamlet’s actions. Many factors contribute to the uncertainty of Hamlet’s sanity. The source of some of these factors is the Ghost Hamlet encounters in the beginning of the play. Hamlet is Shakespeare’s most realistic, most modern, tragedy. It is in Hamlet that Shakespeare seems to give his audience the closest interpretation of the spirit and life of his time. Shakespeare indeed does an excellent job of making the spiritualism and superstition accurate throughout the play. The Ghost in Hamlet raises problems of Elizabethan spiritualism. To understand fully the scenes in which the Ghost appears one must understand the superstitions regarding ghosts in Shakespeare’s day and also current philosophical and theological opinions concerning them. Generally there were three schools of thought in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries on the question of ghosts. Before the Reformation, the belief in their existence had offered little intellectual difficulty to the ordinary man, since the C atholic doctrine or Purgatory afforded a complete explanation of it in theological terms. In fact, doctrine and popular belief, in this case, found mutual support. Thus most Catholics of Shakespeare’s day believed that ghosts might be spirits of the departed, allowed to return from Purgatory for some special purpose, which was the duty of the pious to further if possible, in order for the wandering soul to find rest. However, for Protestants this was not so easy. The majority of them accepted the reality of apparitions without question, not knowing how they were to be explained. It was not possible that ghosts were the spirits of the departed, for Purgatory being a forgotten tradition, the dead went direct either to bliss in heaven or to prison in hell. Widely discussed and debated, the orthodox Protestant conclusion was that ghosts, while occasionally they might be angels, were generally nothing but devils who â€Å"assumed† the form of departed friends or relatives i n order to work evil upon those to whom they appeared (Wilson).

Additional Duties of Phlebotomist Essay

-Urine specimen obtained after a thorough cleansing of the glans penis (males) and the labia and urethral meatus (females). -Following the cleansing procedure, the patient passes the first portion of urine into the toilet, stops and collects the mid-portion in the specimen container. -This provides a sample that is less contaminated by epithelial cells and bacteria (normal flora). Methods of Urine Collection See more: Is the Importance of being earnest a satirical play essay CATHETERIZED SPECIMEN -Specimen of choice for patient suffering from urinary retention. (Patient cannot void voluntarily) -The specimen is collected under sterile conditions by passing the catheter through the urethra into the bladder. -The specimen is used for BACTERIAL CULTURE. -If routine urinalysis is requested, culture should be performed first to prevent contamination. SUPRAPUBIC ASPIRATION -Involves urine collection directly from the bladder by puncturing the abdominal wall and the bladder using a needle syringe. -Since the bladder is normally sterile, it is primarily used for bacterial cultures and for infants to whom contamination is unavoidable. -The only specimen acceptable for both aerobic and anaerobic urine culture. -Can be used for cytological analysis of urine Urine Culture -Samples collected by MSCC, Catheterized & Suprapubic aspiration can be used for AEROBIC CULTURE. -The only urine collection method acceptable for ANAEROBIC CULTURE is SUPRAPUBIC ASPIRATION. -COMMERCIALLY available plastic urine collection bags with hypoallergenic skin adhesive. -Also referred as wee bag. Uses chain of custody (COC) which refers to the process that provides documentation of proper sample identification from the time of collection to the receipt of laboratory results. The COC is a standardized form that must document and accompany every step of drug testing, from collector to courier to laboratory to medical review officer to employer. DRUG SPECIMEN COLLECTION -Required volume of urine 30-45 ml -The urine temperature must be taken within 4 minutes from the time of collection to confirm the specimen has not been adulterated. -The temperature should read within the range of 32.5C to 37.7C. -Recollection of a second specimen as soon as possible will be necessary in the following cases: Urine temperature outside the recommended range

Printing Press

†¢Intro things to discuss The ancient Greeks wrote texts intended for education only the privileged, wealthy few who could afford scribes. The modern textbook has its roots in the standardization made possible by the printing press. Early textbooks were used by tutors and teachers, who used the books as instructional aids The next revolution for books came with the 15th-century invention of printing with changeable type. The invention is attributed to German metal smith Johannes Gutenberg, who cast type in molds using a melted metal alloy and constructed a wooden-screw printing press to transfer the image onto paper.Gutenberg's invention made mass production of texts possible for the first time. †¢In general the invention of the printing press (Lower-class) Before Gutenberg's printing press, reading books were a privilege for the church and some of the nobility, literacy was practically non-existent in the lower class, books were extremely expensive, and scientists never sh ared their work with other scientist. After the printing press was invented, books became considerably cheaper to afford, thus, making it easier for lower class citizens, as well as, libraries to afford books and circulate them throughout Europe.With the increase in books and the availability of them, came the increase in literacy among the lower classes. †¢traditional lecture before the invention- who accessed books †¢how it impacted education Also, since it was easier to print work scientist started sharing their works with each other. This was an amazing improvement in science, because now scientist could critic each other's work, improve upon it, and eventually come up with correct conclusions. †¢how the printing press (changed the role of the Catholic Church) No more did people have to accept what the church told them – they could now read it for themselves.In an indirect way, it led to the Reformation of the church, one of the major events in European his tory. Without the printing press and the availability of Bibles, Martin Luther may not have been in the position to question the authority of the church and to encourage people to study the Bible for themselves to see how Faith was the means to salvation, rather than â€Å"good works†, as the Catholic Church had expounded for centuries. The church officials, before the printing press was invented, were the only ones to read the Bible and they, then taught their interpretations to the congregation. When the printing presses started printing

Showing Racism the Red Card Professor Ramos Blog

Showing Racism the Red Card In this world, as humans, we have high expectations of how we would want to be treated by others. Even though we are all the same in many ways, when someone isdifferent, we sometimes do not treat them the way one should be treated. It is almost natural to treat those who are unique to us, differently from those who look and/or act similar. When others are unique, this may cause you to feel superior/inferior.Unfortunately, that is not something that is natural. This is something that has been taught at a young age and something that is hard to drift away from. Racism stems from a fear of not knowing others, which automatically divides people into â€Å"them† and â€Å"us† based on the color of their skin or where they come from. The belief of inferiority/superiority has been passed down from generation to generation over hundreds of years.Research reveals that, â€Å"6 million Jewish were killed during the holocaust because someone thought they belonged to an inferior race.† Africans were bought and sold into slavery for the exact same reasons. In addition, millions of indigenous people around the world were oppressed and murdered due to the belief of inferiority (Parhar). These are three historical examples of groups of people who were being mistreated for being different.As a result, this caused those in control to feel invincible, thus building power and superiority.   Racism comes in many different forms and can take place almost anywhere. It leads to stereotyping, discrimination, violence and misunderstanding. According to  It Stops with Me,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"People often associate racism with acts of abuse or harassment. However, it doesn’t need to involve violent or intimidating behavior.† Racism can be in the form of name-calling and jokes.†This reminds me of some of the sit-coms my parents would watch growing up. In the show Sanford and Son, Fred Sanford often made racial jokes towards his son’s friend Julio.  These stereotypical jokes were based off of the things that, perhaps, the writers of the sit-com were taught and learned about over several years. In my eyes, racism is more than words, actions and views.It also builds walls that prevent others from enjoying life, feeling honor, respect, and equality. â€Å"Police officers have been found to have near universal implicitbiasagainstracialand ethnic minorities. Reports of police use of lethal force have found that African Americans are far more likely to be shot and killed than their numbers in the population would predict† (Price and Payton). I have heard many stories from family members who were treated unjustly because of the color of our skin. Imagine if you will, in 1988, a pregnant nineteen-year-old African American female being pulled over by police, who assumed that she had stolen her new vehicle that she had just purchased.She was warned not to touch anything in the car, as the officers touched their weapons.She was then frisked by the female officer as though she was a common criminal.Once absolved of any wrong doing, the officers refused to apologize for their er ror.Many African Americans are aware of or have experienced similar incidents from police officers. Not all racism stems from hate. It can also stem from fear and anxiety. Some people are simply intimidated by certain groups and ethnicities due to stereotypical views. We might see someone as â€Å"racist†, but they might not feel that they are racist.They may strongly believe that their views are correct because of their beliefs and morals.Dovidio and Gaertner 2005, p.2 claims that â€Å"Unconscious bias leads to unintentional racism: racism that is unusually invisible even and especially to those who perpetrate it. Yet, most people do not want to be considered racist or capable of racist acts because the spoken and unspoken norm is that, as she quotes ‘good people do not discriminate or in any way participate in racism’ Such unconscious biases affect all of our relationships †¦Ã¢â‚¬Å" (Moule). In the TED TALK, â€Å"The Danger of a Single Story†, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, a famous Nigerian novelist, explains how there are many of us who fall victim to having incomplete, stereotypical, sides of one single story to an issue that we lack knowledge. We do this without being properly informed and she gives us personal stories. She stated that, â€Å"My American roommate was shocked by me. She asked where I had learned to speak English so well and was confused when I said that Nigeria happens to have English as its official language. She asked if she could listen to what she called my ‘tribal music’ and was consequently very disappointed when I produced my tape of Mariah Carey. She assumed that I did not know how to use a stove. What shocked me was this, she had felt sorry for me before she saw me†.This story is a prime example of bias based on one single stereotype about Africa.She states that in her roommate’s â€Å"single story, there was no possibility that Africans could be similar to her in any way†, until she was informed. Chimamanda’s solution to bias, for us, was to collect our news and stories from multiple perspectives, to whatever issue or topic that is being discussed. She also notes, â€Å"The consequences of a single story, is, that it robs people of dignity. It makes our recognition, our equal humanity difficult. It emphasizes how we are different, rather than how we are similar† (Adichie). Even though there are many forms of racism, the only way one can astray from one perspective is to explore multiple perspectives. With proper education to promote tolerance, a chain of educating others may possibly decrease or prevent future racism. â€Å"Understanding our own biases is a first step into improving the interactions that we have with all people† (Moule). We as a nation, have come a long way, and I believe we can spread awareness through the most popular form of communication for young adults, social media.Although we are all very different, we are all the same in many ways.Everyone deserves to be treated equally, especially since ourworld is filled with so much diversity.â€Å"To this end we need to distinguish more clearly between the greater comfort people often feel among familiar people and places and active hostility towards outsider ethnic groups. We also need a more discriminating language to describe the spectrum ofdiscrimination.Prejudice, clannishness -even in some instancesdiscriminationitself should be regarded as sentiments and behaviors that are distinct from properracism† (Goodhart). Unfortunately, discrimination will not disappear overnight, but we all can come together and work on ourselves. Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi. â€Å"The Danger or a Single Story†| Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.†YouTube, YouTube, 7 Oct. 2009, m.youtube.com/watch?time_contiue=2v=D9Ihs241zeg. A very inspirational Ted talk that I enjoyed watching in class done by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, a famous Nigerian novelist, who explains that there are people who only get one incomplete side of the story about an issue or group of people which leads to stereotypes. I used this in my essay as I talk about bias. GOODHART, DAVID. â€Å"Racism: Less Is More.†Political Quarterly, vol. 85, no. 3, July 2014, pp. 251–258.EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/1467-923X.12097. In this scholarly article David Goodhart explains racism, prejudices and discrimination and comes up with a couple of local solution, slowly trying to demolish racism. I felt that this was very helpful for my essay, as I would incorporate towards the end where I talk about some solutions to minimizing racism. Kwan, Connie. â€Å"About Racism.† Racism. It Stops with Me, 4 Oct. 2017, itstopswithme.humanrights.gov.au/about-racism. This website contained so much valuable information about racism and what it is and how it affects us all. I incorporated this into my essay as I talked about the affects racism has on our society, I used many valuable pieces from this website, in my essay. This was a credible government website that was created in Australia with credible facts, sources and the creators have done research and surveys. Moule, Jean. â€Å"Understanding Unconscious Bias and Unintentional Racism.†Phi Delta Kappan, vol. 90, no. 5, Jan. 2009, pp. 320–326, doi:10.1177/003172170909000504. I found this article to be extremely helpful for discussing bias in my essay. In this article, I was able to dissect what bias means and what it is, how it affects us humans and ties in with racism and discrimination. This was credible because it comes from Jean Moule, an associate professor/author from Oregon State University and President of the Oregon Chapter of the National Association for Multicultural Education. Parhar, Gurdeep. â€Å"Fixing Racism- Racism Is at the Root of Many of Humanity’s Evils | Gurdeep Pahar | TedxStanleyPark.†YouTube,14 June 2016, m.youtube.com/watch?v=POU1HjdXziM. This video was extremely helpful for me and my topic against racism as Mr. Parhar gives life examples and explains what racism was to him and how it affects us all as a whole, and things we can do to fix racism. I used some of what he said as an little opener for my introduction on inferiority. Price, James, and Erica Payton. â€Å"Implicit Racial Bias and Police Use of Lethal Force: Justifiable Homicide or Potential Discrimination?†Journal of African American Studies, vol. 21, no. 4, Dec. 2017, pp. 674–683.EBSCOhost, doi:10.1007/s12111-017-9383-3. Explaining how racial bias can be unfair between certain racial groups in the justice system, giving examples of police brutality and how African Americans are more likely to be shot and killed, than numbers predict. This leads to problems for African Americans and my proof racial bias that I am going to somehow tie into my essay.

Answers to Questions About Abbreviations

Answers to Questions About Abbreviations Answers to Questions About Abbreviations Answers to Questions About Abbreviations By Mark Nichol Responses to some reader queries about abbreviation issues follow. 1. Which is the preferred abbreviation for â€Å"United States,† US or U.S.? Both forms are correct, but, in the interests of consistency with the decline of the use of periods in abbreviations, the trend is to use US. (Note that the abbreviation should be used only as an adjective, not as a noun: â€Å"She was born in a US territory,† but not â€Å"She was born in the US.†) 2. When one abbreviates states, should there be any punctuation after, say, TX? And are both the T and the X capitalized? The short form of state names based on US Postal Service usage and technically considered a symbol rather than an abbreviation omits periods, and both letters are capitalized. However, the symbol should be used only when listing an address or in a chart or other graphic element where space is at a premium. Newspaper style is to abbreviate according to The Associated Press Stylebook (for example, Tex.), but in many other periodicals and in most books, state names are usually spelled out in regular text. 3. I am teaching a business-writing course, and I want to know how to approach terms like SOP or any other abbreviation. Does one say â€Å"an SOP† or â€Å"a SOP†? I guess the same would apply to â€Å"getting a MA† or â€Å"getting an MA.† Because we pronounce each letter in these terms (â€Å"ess-oh-pee† and â€Å"em-ay†), rather than treating them as words (â€Å"sop† and â€Å"mah†), the first sound determines whether we use a or an when we speak or write the abbreviation. As with other words starting with the â€Å"ess† sound (especially or essential, for example), we precede SOP with an. The same goes for MA, just as in, say, eminent or embellishment. Testing phrases vocally is usually reliable (an seems easier to say before these terms than a does), though there are exceptions: â€Å"An historic occasion† is easier for me, at least to say than â€Å"a historic occasion,† though an is â€Å"wrong.† See this post for more information. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Yours faithfully or Yours sincerely?7 Patterns of Sentence StructureParataxis and Hypotaxis

Middle east history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Middle east history - Essay Example Politically and culturally, the region was ripe for the rise and fall of many dynasties. To further understand the implications of this age, this paper will seek to examine the religious, political, and social groups of the period and their influence in the shaping of the Middle Eastern civilizations from the years 1100 AD to 1400 AD. By the 1100's, the caliphate which was responsible for the sudden expansion and early stability of the Islamic empire had lost its authority over its territories - and while the last caliph al'Musta'sim was killed by the Mongols in 1258, the caliph had already by then lost all of its power. Most of the Islamic states' ruler had already adoped various religious and political titles. In the wake of the loss of this institution, the territories they governed lost stability and the fragmentation of the Muslim lands was a large factor in its susceptibility to foreign attack. The Mongols were a conglomeration of nomadic tribes from the Ataic steppes brought together by Temujin, the Ghengis Khan (Universal Ruler). By 1258 they had already conquered Russia, Central Europe, and had sacked Baghdad. By the time the Mongol empire crumbled, it had spanned all the way from China to the Middle East and Europe. Unfortunately, while the Mongols were a virtually unstoppable military force, they were also inept at building their empire. They had no succession plans and relied on the uymaq - the military elite at the behest of its chief, for governance. This made for an unstable government, as the state depended on the personal power of the chief - which was further complicated by the troubles they encountered ruling via centralized monarchy. The incursion of the Mongols, however, was disastrous for the Middle Eastern civilization as the Muslim Empire, already weakened by divisions, went into steady decline and never recovered its past glory. The Mongols either killed or deported many scholars and skilled workers, razed libraries and other accomplishments. Much of the legacies of the Golden Age were wiped out, never to be recovered. Some scholars, however, contend that the effects of the Mongol incursion were not that grave. While they did raze whole areas, Egypt was never conquered and became the center of Islamic culture. And while Iran submitted to Mongol rule, they experience a period of political stability wherein trade and literature developed. Ghazan Khan's adoption of Islam as the Il-Khan's state religion in the 1300's had a calming effect on the territories he governed. During this period the Mongolians contributed to the development of the lands they ravaged by rebuilding their cities. Timurid The Timurid dynasty - founded by Timur in 1370 CE over the squabbling provinces of the Ilkhan rulership - lasted until the 1500's. The territories under this pro-Sufi government enjoyed a period of relative stability. Literature, culture and knowledge developed greatly in the intellectual and cultural centers of Herat and Transoxania. The Turks Beginning in the 1100's, many Turks - mercenaries and military forces - migrated into the Middle Eastern lands. The caliphs depended on these heavily on these